Do hybrid cars get power through kinetics?

The production version of the all-new 2010 Honda Insight, a dedicated gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle, made its world debut at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Mich., on January 11, 2009. See hybrid car pictures.
The production version of the all-new 2010 Honda Insight, a dedicated gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle, made its world debut at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Mich., on January 11, 2009. See混合汽车图片
Courtesy of Honda

Hybrid cars are fuel-efficient vehicles that get fantasticgas mileagethrough the combined use of new technology and simple physics.Aerodynamicbodies, for instance, create much less air resistance as the car moves down the road, and lightweight materials only further the effort. The tires on hybrid cars are often the low-rolling-resistance type, and even the simple act of stopping the car is more efficient, too. You see,regenerative brakingallows the vehicle to capture its own kinetic energy to increase fuel efficiency.

用最简单的术语说,动能是运动的能量。任何移动的东西,例如汽车的轮子,都具有动能。在混合动力汽车或任何汽车上的车轮的具体情况下,动能是旋转的 - 众所周知(请在阅读下一行时随意唱歌),汽车上的车轮也可以一遍又一遍。

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Most hybrid cars on the market today have regenerative braking systems that make good use of this kinetic energy. Regenerative braking systems can be used by full hybrids, which can operate in all-electric mode for short periods of time, or bymild hybrid vehicles, which make use of advanced systems likeidle-stop technology, sometimes called start-stop technology. But regardless of the specific type of hybrid vehicle, full or mild, they both benefit from regenerative braking.

Anytime a vehicle can use energy other than gasoline, including kinetic energy, the fuel efficiency of that vehicle will increase. Up next, let's take a closer look at how regenerative brakes make eco-friendly driving possible.

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Automotive Sources of Kinetic Energy

Since kinetic energy is the energy of motion, you could probably guess that cars create lots of it. Capturing some of that kinetic energy for the sake of fuel efficiency in a hybrid car is a little tricky, but regenerative braking is one common method employed by many automakers.

在例行停车期间,在非杂交汽车上,机械制动会减慢,然后停止车辆。例如,如果您的车辆有disc brakes, thebrake padsclamp down on arotorto stop the car. If your car hasdrum brakes, the brake shoe pushes the brake lining material outward toward the brake drum surface to slow or stop the car. In both cases, most of the kinetic energy in the spinning wheels is absorbed by the pads or the drums, which creates heat.

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On a hybrid car that uses regenerative braking, the electric motor is used to slow the car. When the motor is operating in this mode, it acts as a generator to recover the rotational kinetic energy at the wheels, convert it into energy and store it in the car's电池。当混合动力汽车的驾驶员将其脚从加速器踏板上移开时,发电机提供的阻力首先会减慢汽车,然后使用机械刹车片来完成工作。当然,机械制动垫也可以立即参与emergency braking scenario

汽车使用存储在电池中的能量为电动机驱动以低速驾驶汽车的电动机。根据混合动力的类型,电动机可以单独使用以移动汽车,或者可以与汽车的汽油动力发动机一起工作。因此,再生制动,再加上环保驾驶技术,例如缓慢的启动和较慢的整体车速,这是当今旅途中一些一些最省油的车辆的重要功能。

For more information about hybrid cars and other related topics, follow the links on the next page.

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Lots More Information

Related HowStuffWorks Articles

  • Dobson,David A.,博士“能源与自然环境混合汽车 - 一些常见问题解答和答案。”韦尔蒂环境中心。(2009年8月25日)http://www.weltycenter.org/energy3.htm#brakic
  • Formula1.com. "Renault answer 10 questions about KERS." Jan. 27, 2009. (August 25, 2009) http://www.formula1.com/news/features/2009/1/8887.html
  • 亨德森,汤姆。“物理课堂教程。”(2009年8月25日)http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/class/class/energy/u5l1c.html
  • 混合中心。“引擎盖下的杂种(第1部分)。”(2009年8月25日)http://www.hybridcenter.org/hybrid-center-how-how-how-hybrid-cars-work-work-under-thehood.html#2_regenerative_brakic
  • Physics World. "Vehicles Powered by Electricity." (August 25, 2009) http://www.hk-phy.org/energy/transport/print/hybrid_phy_print_e.html
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