对于大多数人来说,靠近冰的人意味着喝霜冻的饮料。可能发生的最糟糕的是脑freeze. But adventure junkies will spend hours, days even, with their faces flat against the side of a冰川或冷冻瀑布,使用镐和绳索缩放其光滑,质感和危险的表面。危险的快感 - 我会陷入冰冷的裂缝吗?我会冻伤吗?会雪崩无处不在吗?- 是使攀冰者如此热衷于他们的运动的原因。
攀冰从攀岩和其他登山活动。在高海拔地区,攀岩者不得不学习如何在山上或岩石墙上工作时如何浏览冰冷和湿滑的地区。最终,登山者开始开发专门的工具和装备,以遍历这些冰冷的景点。随着时间的流逝,登山者开始严格攀登。
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您可以追溯到冰上的诞生回到1908年,当时一位名叫Oscar Eckenstein的登山者设计了齿爪冰爪,适合他的靴子的底部。这些冰爪允许登山者在湿滑的冰上获得牵引力。在发明冰爪之前,攀冰者不得不使用step cutting,一种用镐或斧头将立足点区域切入雪和冰的一种费力的方法,以获得立足点。
In the 1930s, climber Laurent Grivel made another significant advance. He added sharp fangs that jutted out in front of the crampons, which allowed climbers to navigate steeper ice. Then, in the 1960s, Yvon Chouinard, who went on to create the Patagonia clothing line, revolutionized the design of ice axes. First, he shortened the traditional 25-inch (63.5 cm) mountaineering axe down to 22 inches (55.8 cm). Next, he changed the shape of the traditional pick, which at that time was straight at a shallow angle to the axe's shaft. This shallow angle was fine for regular snow climbing, but wasn't effective on steeper snow and ice. His curved pick entered the ice more easily and was also easier to remove.
如今,大量的工具和安全装备使几乎任何人都可以使用攀冰。您可以上导游的攀登课程;您可以在较少的艰苦的冰上攀登sun,或在低于零下的温度下进行高级多日陡峭攀登。只要他们处于出色的心血管健身状态,并且具有良好的强度比率,几乎每个人都可以攀登。专家建议您进行特定的锻炼,以使您的身体为您的第一次攀登做好准备,包括下蹲,硬拉,高架压力,上拉,升级和倾角[来源:来源:Parker]。
还有什么可以为您准备攀冰?
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