牛皮癣概述

有五种不同类型的牛皮癣，它们都有不同的症状。最常见的类型是斑块牛皮癣，它以白色或银色尺度覆盖的红色斑块的形式表现出来。这些斑块由人体通常脱落的皮肤细胞组成。患有斑块牛皮癣的人经常在肘部和膝盖上形成这些斑块，但它们可以在身体的任何地方形成[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。

第二常见的牛皮癣类型，肠牛皮癣，是这种疾病的一种形式，通常从童年开始。这种类型的牛皮癣以小红色颠簸的形式迅速出现，并从颈部覆盖身体。多种疾病会引起肠胃病的攻击，包括上呼吸道感染，链球菌性喉咙，扁桃体炎和压力[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。

脓疱性牛皮癣有三种类型：von Zumbusch，棕榈脓疱病和杂经。冯Zumbusch牛皮癣始于痛苦的红色皮肤。脓疱在几个小时内跟随，这些在接下来的两天内干燥和剥离，使皮肤具有釉面外观。这种类型的牛皮癣可以通过某些药物或妊娠触发，并引起发烧，贫血和脱水[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。患有冯·祖布施牛皮癣症状的人应该立即去看医生，因为如果没有治疗，这种类型的牛皮癣可能会导致心脏或肺部衰竭[来源：Emedicinexf187手机版Health]。Palmoplantar pustulosis causes pustules on the palms of hands and soles of feet, which turn brown and peel. It occurs mostly in past and current smokers and doesn't necessarily go away when a person quits smoking [source:美国骨病学院]。杂经症是一种极为罕见的脓疱牛皮癣类型，可导致皮肤病变在手指和脚趾上形成。这些病变很痛苦，可能导致指甲畸形，甚至骨结构的变化[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。

牛皮癣是疾病的第四种类型，它会影响皮肤折叠的区域，例如腋窝和生殖器。褶皱中形成红色斑块，导致皮肤变得柔软和刺激[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。

第五和最罕见的牛皮癣类型是红细胞生成的牛皮癣，会导致蛋白质和液体丧失，从而导致感染，肺炎和充血性心力衰竭。症状包括严重发红，皮肤脱落过多，瘙痒，心率增加和体温波动。经历红皮牛皮癣症状的人应该立即去看医生[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。

继续阅读以了解牛皮癣治疗。

牛皮癣有三种治疗方法，具体取决于病情的严重程度。有局部药物，可以分布在受影响的地区；光疗，使用紫外线来应对疾病。和口服药物，这些药物从内而外与疾病作斗争。在更极端的情况下，可能需要进行治疗的组合，并旋转治疗以防止免疫系统对任何一种药物具有抗性[来源：美国骨病学院]。

局部处理含有类固醇或维生素D3，并通过减慢过量皮肤细胞的生长来起作用。这些治疗可能会引起发痒，干燥的皮肤，它们可能会使衣服，毛巾或与受影响区域接触的任何其他东西[来源：国家牛皮癣基金会]。大多数医生建议在光疗或口服药物之前尝试局部治疗。

Frequent exposure to ultraviolet light can be dangerous, but when used in moderation, phototherapy can be an effective psoriasis treatment. Ultraviolet light penetrates the skin and slows the excessive production of skin cells. There are two types of phototherapy: One uses ultraviolet light B and the other uses ultraviolet light A. UVB can be effective by itself, but UVA must be combined with a light-sensitizing medication [source:国家牛皮癣基金会]。

Oral medications are generally prescribed for severe psoriasis cases when other treatments are ineffective. Most of these medicines work by suppressing the immune system, which can be dangerous because the body is more susceptible to disease [source:国家牛皮癣基金会]。

Is there a cure for psoriasis? Keep reading to find out.

There's no cure for psoriasis and it's unknown what causes the disease, but doctors and scientists continue to search for answers in hopes of developing a cure. A promising study by the University of Bonn in Germany recently found that a certain group of enzyme inhibitors, known as metalloproteinase inhibitors, can normalize the overactive skin cells in psoriasis patients and help them maintain healthy levels of cell division [source:科学日报]。But more testing is needed before the treatment can be approved for medical use.

There are several organizations also working to find a psoriasis cure. The non-profit patient advocacy group Psoriasis Cure Now is at the forefront of this effort. Its members raise money for psoriasis research, educate lawmakers about the disease and organize psoriasis walks to raise awareness and money. [source:牛皮癣现在治愈]。

Keep reading to learn how psoriasis patients cope with the disease on a daily basis.

Although there's no cure for psoriasis, millions of people live with the disease every day. People with mild cases live relatively normal lives, but more severe cases can be debilitating and even life-threatening. But psoriasis can cause more than just physical damage to the skin. Many psoriasis patients also have low self-esteem because their skin can be unsightly and difficult to hide. And many others are diagnosed with depression and feel alienated because people don't understand psoriasis and fear it's a contagious disease. But there are numerous support groups for people with psoriasis that can help them cope with the disease and help them educate others about the condition [source:格里芬]。

总体而言，牛皮癣的关键是适当的诊断，然后进行适当的治疗。要了解有关牛皮癣的更多信息，请查看下一页上的链接。