也许没有污水坑比卡塔拉抑郁症。巨大的污水坑更像一个大盆地,遍布巨大的埃及。它被认为是最大的自然形成的污水坑地球[资源:WebEcoist]。抑郁症的深度为436英尺(133米),但也有75英里(120公里)的宽度,长50英里(80公里)。大萧条的艰难地形使其成为第二次世界大战期间英军的重要防御边界,现在被认为是旅游胜地。各种计划都被认为是利用Qattara抑郁症进行能源生产。一种可能性要求将其填充水and then using the basin's low elevation and water evaporation as part of a hydro-solar project.
像Qattara抑郁症一样,污水坑可能是美丽且相对无害的,尽管令人惊叹和灾难性的差异经常是一个位置问题。委内瑞拉以其Sarisarinama污水坑:1,000英尺(305米)宽的盆地,至少是完美圆圈的深处。这些污水坑的外观使它们更具特色。它们位于该国Tepui地区的高矿台上。Tepuisare incredibly isolated areas filled with lush forests and waterfalls. Sarisarinama sinkholes were first discovered in 1974, high up on flat-topped tepui mountains, and have been described as part of a "lost world" [source:Melham]。这些污水坑是科学家的宝库,他们仍然对独特的植物和动物物种着迷,除了在某些萨里萨里纳山上的污水坑中。污水坑和泰普(Tepuis)在整个世纪中也吸引了许多探险家,其中一些人被其偏远环境的挑战所吸引,另一些人则是在谣言中谣传大量金块,在Tepuis的溪流中涌入。
如果您曾经看过行星地球“纪录片系列,那么您可能熟悉Cenotes,连接到水下洞穴和溪流的水坑。Cenotes通常会形成华丽的游泳点,并具有水下洞穴,瀑布和其他有趣的地层。阿曼中东国家的Bimmah污水坑是相似的。这个污水坑吸引了许多游客闪闪发光的半透明的蓝绿色水。同样,澳大利亚南部的甘比尔以风景如画的水污水坑和火山口闻名。这些污水坑中的一些包含精心修剪的梯田花园。
One of the world's centers of sinkhole activity is theDead Sea,,,,the salty body of water sandwiched between Israel and Jordan. The Dead Sea is the lowest point on the planet (1,371 feet or 417 meters below sea level) and an important tourist and historical site, as well as part of a migratory route for hundreds of millions of birds. The water level of the Dead Sea has been dropping yearly because of work by the mineral extraction industry and diversion of water from the Jordan River, which feeds the sea, for use in watering crops and providing drinking water.
刚发现的死海地区已经被污水坑刺破了。蒸发的淡水池正在分解盐沉积物,形成“孔”并破坏地面的稳定,从而导致凹坑。已经提出了各种补救措施,包括将死海与地中海或红海连接的数十亿美元的运河。一位科学家认为,不可避免地会达到平衡点,因为海洋将变得太咸,无法进一步蒸发[来源:安德森]。But by then, the Dead Sea will be about one-third of its early 21st century size, and in the meantime, resorts around the sea have struggled with receding waters and the unstable, sinkhole-laden earth left behind.
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